Introduction Underground mining and tunneling projects present some of the most demanding challenges in engineering. From battling high rock pressures to controlling water ingress and preventing collapses, ensuring structural stability and worker safety is paramount. While modern equipment and advanced designs play a vital role, the real backbone of underground stability often lies in...

  Introduction When it comes to underground mining, tunnel construction, or large-scale civil projects, ensuring safety and structural integrity is non-negotiable. One of the most effective techniques widely adopted across industries is shotcrete—a method of spraying concrete onto surfaces at high velocity to reinforce and protect rock or soil. From stabilizing tunnels to creating...