Looking for the Best SSB Coaching in Noida Delhi/NCR to kickstart your defence career?

Breakthrough Point Defence Academy is one of the most trusted names in SSB interview preparation, mentored by the highly respected Bhavishya Sir.

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If you are serious about your Armed Forces dream, this is where you begin your journey.

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VilNicolas Jackson is being offered for £60M-plus as Chelsea prepare to carry on spending.

The striker wants guarantees of regular football and the likes of Newcastle, Aston Villa, Manchester United and Arsenal have all been sounded out this summer.

(Source: Mirror Football)

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Umrah Package: My Journey from Houston to the Holy Cities Booking an umrah package was the best decision I made this year. Living in Houston, I was surrounded by endless options, but choosing the right one felt overwhelming. I knew I wanted something spiritual, smooth, and sacred without stressing over logistics. This blog is a reflection of that journey, and I hope it guides others from Houston seeking a similar path. vist :https://blogg-booster.com/best-umrah-packages-from-usa-for-dallas-pilgrims/
Why Houston Is a Great Starting Point for Umrah
Houston is a vibrant city with a large Muslim community. That makes it easy to find packages that cater to every need.
From visa assistance to direct flights, everything is well-organized here. Many Houston-based agencies offer packages departing from major airports, which reduces travel hassles. I personally appreciated the direct access to seasoned travel consultants who understood my expectations.
What Makes a Good Umrah Package?
Not all packages are created equal. I realized this the hard way.
A good umrah package should cover more than flights and hotels. It should be a comprehensive experience spiritually enriching and logistically seamless. My focus was on finding a plan that included:
Visa processing
Roundtrip airfare
Hotel accommodation near Haram
Ground transportation
Daily guidance or group leaders
It took some comparing, but I found the best one with transparent services.
Exploring August Umrah Packages: Ideal for Families
August Umrah Packages are incredibly popular, especially for families.
This is often a time when school breaks or work flexibility allow families to travel together. I noticed many agencies offer tailored plans during this month. Some even include group pricing and children-friendly facilities. The summer break also means fewer crowds in some weeks, making it peaceful for personal worship.
One of the best things I enjoyed was seeing families doing tawaf together, united in faith.
Budgeting Your Umrah Trip from Houston
Let’s talk money because it's important.
My umrah package included everything from flights to accommodations, and the total cost was surprisingly affordable. I didn’t opt for luxury, but I didn’t compromise on cleanliness or proximity to the Haram either.
Booking early helped me get better rates. A few friends who waited until the last minute paid significantly more. I’d recommend comparing three to four packages before making a decision.
Choosing Between Group and Solo Umrah Packages
Both options have their perks.
Group packages from Houston often include guided tours, fixed itineraries, and companionship. For first-timers, this brings a sense of security. On the other hand, I preferred solo travel. Having the flexibility to schedule my day around my energy and spiritual focus felt empowering. It wasn’t lonely; it was liberating.
If you're a confident traveler, solo might be your calling.
My Experience Booking with Hajj Umrah 4U US
I booked my umrah package through Hajj Umrah 4U US, and the entire process was smooth.
From the initial inquiry to the post-arrival support, their professionalism stood out. They handled the documentation efficiently, guided me on packing essentials, and even checked in after I returned. That extra layer of care made a big difference.
No unnecessary delays, no hidden costs just genuine service.
Best Travel Tips for Umrah from Houston
Always carry a small power bank and extra Ihram
Learn basic Arabic phrases to navigate easily
Choose a hotel within walking distance to the Haram
Carry your own prayer mat
Hydrate often, especially during August Umrah Packages
These small steps made my trip easier and more focused.
What I Gained Beyond the Rituals
Performing Umrah wasn’t just about the rituals.
It was about the transformation I felt inside. Walking through Masjid al-Haram at dawn, seeing the Kaaba for the first time it moved me beyond words. The silence between prayers, the kindness of strangers, the spiritual clarity these moments left a lasting mark.
The convenience of the umrah package allowed me to focus on these experiences rather than logistics.
Houston Umrah Options Are Expanding
Every year, more travel agencies in Houston join the market.
That means better services, competitive pricing, and more package types. Whether you want a basic plan or something VIP, there’s an option for you. Some even offer female-led groups or youth-oriented plans.
I’m already planning to go again next year, insha’Allah.
Final Thoughts: Make It Your Journey
Your spiritual journey is yours to shape.
While August Umrah Packages offer great value, it’s not just about deals it's about preparation, intention, and presence. Find a package that supports your spiritual goals, not just your schedule.
If you're in Houston, you're in the right place to begin.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How early should I book my Umrah package from Houston?
I recommend booking at least 2–3 months in advance, especially if you're aiming for August Umrah Packages.
2. Can I customize my Umrah package?
Yes, many agencies allow customization whether it’s flight class, hotel level, or trip duration.
3. What documents are required for an Umrah visa from the US?
You’ll need a valid passport, passport-sized photos, a vaccination certificate, and a confirmed return ticket.

VIETNAM WAR VITA AMBAYO MAREKANI ILISHINDWA VIBAYA

Vita maarufu ya Vietnam ni moja ya vita katika historia ya Marekani ambazo taifa kubwa na lenye nguvu duniani lililazimika kuondoka uwanja wa mapambano baada ya kushindwa vibaya.
Vita hii ilipiganwa kuanzia mwaka 1955 mpaka 1975, na ilipiganwa maeneo ya Vietnam kwenyewe, Laos na Cambodia.

Kwa juu juu ilikuwa ni vita iliyopiganwa kati ya Vietnam Kaskazini na Vietnam Kusini lakini nyuma ya pazia ilikuwa ni vita ya kijasusi kati ya wababe wa dunia wa wakati huo yaani Marekani na Urusi ya Kisovieti(proxy war), huku kila mbabe akitaka kupandikiza itikadi yake kwa upande huo, Marekani akitaka Ubepari utawale na Mrusi akitaka Ukomunisti utawale.

Vietnam ya Kaskazini ilisapotiwa na Urusi ya wakati huo(USSR), China na nchi nyingine za Kikomunisti huku Vietnam ya Kusini ikisapotiwa na Marekani, Korea Kusini, Australia, Thailand na nchi nyingine zilizokuwa zikipinga Ukomunisti.

Wakati vuguvugu la vita limeanza kukolea mwaka 1950 Marekani ilituma kikosi cha majasusi wake nchini Vietnam wakati huo ikiwa Koloni la Mfaransa ikijulikana kama French IndoChina kwa ajili ya mafunzo, udukuzi na kukusanya taarifa za kijasusi kabla ya kuanza mashambulizi mazito, lengo likiwa kutoa mafunzo ya kijeshi na kijasusi kwa askari wa Vietnam ya Kusini na kuviandaa vikosi vyake kwa ajili ya mapigano ya kukata na shoka.

Ilipofika mwaka 1961 wakati vita imekolea Marekani kwa kutumia taarifa za kijasusi ilizokusanya ilipeleka kikosi maalumu cha makomando wa Jeshi la Anga maarufu kama Green Berets kwa kazi kuu ya kufanya operations za kimya kimya za anga ili kulidhoofisha jeshi la Vietnam Kaskazini.
Kikosi hiki kiliungana baadaye na kikosi cha makomando wa anga waliojulikana kama ECO 31 na US Marines.

Hata hivyo kutokana na udhaifu wa taarifa za kijasusi vikosi hivi havikufanikiwa sana hali iliyopelekea kuvunjwa na kuundwa kikosi maalumu kingine mwaka 1962 kilichoitwa U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) kilichokuwa chini ya Idara ya Usalama ya Marekani.

Pamoja na uwezo mkubwa wa Marekani kimafunzo na kisilaha lakini kulikuwa na udhaifu mkubwa wa idara za kijasusi hali iliyopelekea Idara nyeti za usalama za Marekani
ikiwemo C.I.A kushindwa kutoa makadirio hasa ya kijeshi juu ya uzito wa Vita ile.

Kutokana na nature ya nchi za Kikomunisti kuendeshwa kwa uzalendo uliotukuka, Marekani alishindwa kukusanya taarifa za msingi za kivita kwa kutumia ujasusi wa kitaaluma, badala yake alitegemea zaidi kuwahoji askari wa adui waliokamatwa na kuteswa.

Vietnam Kaskazini kwa kusaidiwa na Majasusi wa Russia aliweza "kuwauzia taarifa feki" majasusi wa Kimarekani, na Marekani ikaingia mkenge kwa ku-underestimate uwezo wa Vietnam Kaskazini katika ulingo wa vita, kifupi taarifa za Kijasusi zilizopelekwa Washington na washirika wake zilikuwa tofauti kabisa na kilichokuwa uwanja wa mapambano.

Kwa mfano Majasusi wa Marekani walishindwa kujua Formation ya Vita(Battle Formation) waliyokuwa wanatumia Wavietnam.
Wavietnam wakiwa chini ya Majasusi wao wa VCSS waliweza kuunda vikosi vinne ya kimapambano vilivyopambana kwa wakati mmoja huku makamanda na wale wapiganaji mahiri wa kikosi kimoja wakibadilishana na wa Kikosi kingine huku mapambano yakiendelea.

Kwamba unaweza kumuona leo kamanda fulani anapigana eneo A na kikosi chake akitumia mbinu fulani za msituni, mara baada ya siku tatu unashangaa imefanyika substitution kama ya kwenye mpira kaingia kamanda mpya na mbinu mpya kwa kutumia kikosi kile kile au akaleta wapiganaji wapya kabisa, huku yule wa eneo A akipelekwa eneo B na akabadili pia mbinu za kimapambano.

Hali hii ilidumu kwa miaka 11 mfululizo mpaka mwaka 1966 Marekani ilipostukia mchezo huu wa kubadilishana makamanda na wapiganaji waliyokuwa wakitumia wa Vietnam, na ikapelekea idara za Kijasusi za Marekani husasani C.I.A na N.A.S.A kutuma upya majasusi maalumu wa kukusanya intelijensia nyingine mpya mwaka 1967.

Lakini pia Majasusi wa Marekani walishindwa kujua uwezo wao majasusi wa Kivietnam kujipenyeza kwenye kambi ya adui(Inflitration Capabilities) waliokuwa nao Wa Vietnam.
Inasadikika wengi wa askari wa Kivetman ya Kusini waliokula mafunzo na mbinu za Kivita kutoka Marekani na washirika wake mwanzoni kabisa mwa vuguvugu la kivita walikuwa wa Vietnam ya Kaskazini.
Kifupi Vikosi vya Marekani viliwapa mafunzo ya kijeshi adui zao na wakauziwa Intelijensi ya uongo.

Kubwa kuliko Yote Marekani na washirika wake hawakujua hasa Vietnam ana askari wangapi walio mstari wa mbele kwenye mapambano na wale wa akiba, iwapo wa mstari wa mbele
wakilemewa, hali hii ilisababishwa na ukweli kuwa Vietnam Kaskazini ilikuwa inafuata itikadi za Kikomunisti, kila mtu alikuwa askari wa kuilinda nchi yake.

Hata kama ungefanya shambulizi ukaua askari 1000 leo, kesho watakuja wengine wapya 1000 walio na morale ya kupambana mpaka kufa kama wale wa kwanza.
Mwanzoni hili Wamarekani hawakulijua ila kadri mapigano yalivyopamba moto, askari wengi wa Marekani na Washirika wao walianza kuogopa kwenda mstari wa mbele hasa baada ya kugundua wanapambana na askari wengi wasioisha waliokuwa tayari kufa kwa ajili ya nchi yao.

Baada ya Ripoti ya Kikosi kipya kilichoundwa na C.I.A kuja na taarifa zao za kijasusi walizokusanya uwanja wa mapambano, mwishoni mwa mwaka 1967 walikuja kupata taarifa
za kustua sana kuwa Vietnam nao walikuwa na Shirika lao la Kijasusi lenye nguvu kubwa na lililokuwa limebobea katika tasnia ya Ujasusi lililokuwa linapewa mafunzo ya Kijasusi toka KGB Na China, Shirika hili liliojulikana kama Viet Cong Security Service (VCSS).

Mwanzoni taarifa za Kijasusi walizozipata Wamarekani zilikuwa feki kuwa VCSS walikuwa kikosi maalum tu cha wapambanaji walio na silaha dhaifu na si majasusi.

VCSS walikuwa wababe wa mapigano ya msituni na guilera war huku wakiwa na maajenti wengi zaidi ya 100,000.

Walikuwa mabingwa wa vita vya kuviziana huku askari wachache wakijificha na kufanya ambush za kijeshi dhidi ya askari wa adui zao, wakati mwingine walivaa nguo za Kiraia na kuingia mtaani na kuishi maisha ya kawaiada kabisa huku wakipanga mikakati yao ya mashambulizi ya kuvizia.

Ilikuwa ni ngumu sana kujua yupi ni raia yupi ni askari, hali hii iliwatia hofu mno askari wa Kimarekani na washirika wao waliokuwa mstari wa mbele wa mapambano, wengi wa waliokuwa wakidhani ni raia wa kawaida walikuwa ni maajenti wa VCSS.

Kutokana na usiri mkubwa na umakini wa hali ya juu wa VCSS ilikuwa ni ngumu kwa Marekani kupata intelijensia kutoka vyanzo vya kuaminika, taarifa nyingi zilizokusanywa zilikuwa kupitia kukamata na kutesa askari wa adui waliokamatwa uwanja wa mapambano ambao wengi walikuwa ni askari wa vyeo vya chini au raia waliojitolea kupigana waliopewa mafunzo ya muda mfupi kwa ajili ya kupambana.
Wengi wao walikuwa na taarifa za kupikwa walizopewa makusudi kwa ajili ya kupotosha iwapo wangekamatwa.

Moja ya mbinu iliyowashusha morale askari wa kimarekani uwanja wa vita ni hit-and-run technique waliyotumia Wavietnam, Marekani alitegemea sana jeshi la anga na vikosi maalumu kupambana huku wakiwa na silaha nzito nzito za kubeba kwa magari.
Wavietnam walichimba mahandaki njiani kuzuia magari ya silaha na mizinga kupita msituni,
wali-block njia za kupitishia silaha za adui kwa kuangusha miti mikubwa kabla ya kufanya ambush, walitengeneza kambi za feki za kijeshi msituni na kila mbinu ya guilera war inayofahamika katika uwanja wa mapambano kubwa ikiwa kuviziana.

Mfano askari wa ki-Vietnam walivizia kambi ya adui na kufanya ambush ndani ya saa moja na kisha kila askari kutimuka njia yake kilomita kadhaa baada ya kufanya shambulio kabla ya kukukutana tena eneo fulani kwa ajili ya kupanga shambulio jingine, na endapo wakizidiwa katika ambush zao iliwabidi askari hao kuficha silaha kwenye mahandaki na kisha kujichanganya na raia mtaani.

Nyingi ya kambi za kupambana za Kivietnam hazikuwa zile zilizoonekana, nyingi zilikuwa chini ya mahandaki, madege ya kimarekani yaliposhambulia kambi kwa makombora yao, nyingi ya kambi hizo zilikuwa ni feki, zilizojengwa maalumu kwa ajili ya kum-distract adui, huku silaha nzito kutoka Urusi na China zikifichwa chini ya mahandaki makubwa.

Wamarekani na Vikosi vyao walitumia teknolojia kupambana, huku wakitumia madege ya B-52, mizinga mikubwa, helkopta, kemikali za kupukutisha majani kwenye miti maarufu kama defoliants, lakini zote hazifua dafu.

Baada ya makamanda wa vikosi vya Marekani kuona mbinu na silaha zao hazifanikiwi wakaamua kuwahamisha raia wote ambao wengi walikuwa wakulima wadogo wadogo kutoka maeneo ambayo maajenti wa VCSS walikuwa wanayamiliki kwenda sehemu salama ambazo zilikuwa chini ya ulinzi wao, hali hii ilizaa tatizo jingine pia kwani maajenti wengi wa VCSS walijifanya raia wakajipenyeza na kuingia maeneo yaliyokuwa hayana mapigano yaliyokuwa chini ya umiliki wa Vikosi vya Wamarekani na kuanza operations upya kwenye maeneo ambayo yalikuwa
chini ya umiliki wa adui zao.

Hili lilipelekea mashambulizi ya kuviziana kuongezeka kwenye maeneo mbayo Wamarekani walikuwa wanayashikilia, patrol zao zilivamiwa na askari kupokonywa silaha hali iliyopelekea morale ya askari kushuka sana, ikabidi Askari wa Kimarekani waandae ndege standby kwa ajili ya kutoa msaada muda wowote patrol zao zitakapostambuliwa,
lakini bado haikusaidia kitu kwani wengi wa askari wa patrol hawakutaka kabisa kuingia maeneo ya ndani ndani walipita njia kuu na maeneo ya wazi kuogopa mashambulizi ya kushtukiza ambayo Shirika la Kijasusi la VCSS lilikuwa limesambaza maajenti zaidi ya 100,000.

Kutokana na ripoti za Kijasusi kuvuja nchini Marekani kuwa probability ya kuuwawa kwa askari wao walio vitani nchini Vietnam kuwa ni zaidi ya 20% na kuwa askari waliokuwa mapiganoni wengi walikuwa wanaogopa gorilla war iliyokuwa ikiendeshwa na Wavietnam, ripoti za siri za kijasusi zinasema C.I.A kwa kutumia mbinu za kijasusi waliandaa exit strategy ambayo ilikuwa ni
kuhamasisha maandamano na propaganda ya kile kilichoitwa vuguvugu la wananchi wa Marekani kupinga nchi yao kujiingiza katika vita ya Vietnam.

Hatimaye Marekani kwa kisingizio cha maandamano ya wananchi kupinga nchi yao kujiingiza Vietnam mwaka 1973 waliondoa vikosi vyao na kuikabidhi Vietnam Kusini jukumu la kuendelea na mapambano dhidi ya Kaskazini.

Vietnam ya Kaskazini iliendesha mapigano kwa miaka miwili mfululizo na hatimaye mwaka 1975 ikaukamata mji mashuhuri sana wa Saigon uliokuwa unamilikiwa na Vietnam Kusini na mwaka mmoja baadaye Kusini na Kaskazini zikaungana na kutengeneza nchi moja ya Jamhuri ya watu wa Vietnam.

Inakadiriwa kuwa vita hiyo iligharimu maisha ya WaVietnam kati ya 966,000 mpaka Milioni 3.8 Wakambodia kati ya 240,000–300,000, Walaotia kati ya 20,000–62,000 na Wamarekani zaidi ya 58,220 huku Wamarekani zaidi ya 1,626 wakipotea na hawakujulikana walipo mpaka leo

Mwisho

TUJIKUMBUSHE MATUMIZI YA KALAMU KWA KUFUATA RANGI

Nakuja tu na maswali chokonozi

1. Hivi ni Kwa Nini Waalimu wanatumia kalamu ya rangi nyekundu na si bluu kama wanafunzi?

2. Ni Kwa Nini pia Maraisi ndio Huandikia peni nyekundu?
Kwa nini Wakaguzi aghalabu wa Hesabu hutumia peni ya kijani?
3. Vipi Kuhusu Kalamu Nyeusi?

nauliza hivi kwa sababu hizi rangi ukigeukia muktadha mwingine zinamaana tofauti sana mfano wengine husema unapotumia kalamu nyeusi inaa maana unatengeneza pesa na bluu maana yake unapoteza pesa ilihali nyekundu ikielekezwa zaidi kwenye mikosi

MAJADILIANO COMPILED

RANGI ZA KALAMU NA MATUMIZI YAKE .......@@!!!

Mara Nyingi sana tumekuwa tukitumia pen bila kujipa angalizo fulani hivi ama kujua mantiki yake ..................

1. Kalamu ya rangi ya Samawi/samawati (Bluu) ndiyo maarufu kutumika na wengi na hasa kwenye official document za kawaida (not mandated or authentic)
We basically have two choices when it comes to pens: black or blue. Unless you are a teacher in which case you get to use red as well........."Of course blue pens. Because they contrast better with the documents you're writing on..................The modern tradition is THAT only blue ink for all in Government.

2. Kalamu Nyeusi aghalabu hutumika kwenye miamala ya Kibiashara zaidi............."Black edges it on the grounds that it looks more professional and is a legal requirement for signing legal documents and form-filling............."Some entities are now requiring signatures in blue ink in order to differentiate the original from a copy.......Black ink is used ( where bold remarks are needed ) for business deals, display credit in a bank statement, headings etc.

3. Kalamu Nyekundu Aghalabu Hutumiwa na wenye Mamlaka Katika Kusaini Official Documents na hasa Sheria na Hati fulani fulani na mara nyingi anayeruhusiwa kutumia kalamu nyekundu ni Mh Rais na Waalimu katika kujitofautisha na wanafunzi na kuweka msisitizo zaidi kwenye masahihisho ingawa utafiti uliofanywa Marekani umewezesha kupelekea kupigwa marufuku kwa kalamu nyekundu kwa wanafunzi kutokana na wengi kutaarifu kwamba zinawatisha (psychological trauma)
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2263874/Teachers-shouldnt-use-red-coloured-pens-mark-homework-like-shouting-upsets-pupils.html

4. Kalamu ya Chanikiwiti (KIJANI) inatakiwa kutumiwa na Wakaguzi na hasa wa HESABU, aghalabu Peni ya kijani hutumiwa pia na Mawaziri...Majaji....ma RCs na Kamishna wa kiapo...aghalabu wataalamu wa dawa/wafamasia pia hutumia kalamu ya kijani .....Green ink is used by very senior bureaucrats as well as Ministers to sign files indicating their approval....also green color pen are used by Managers, gazetted officers, Judges and big people. Green testifies the high position and no one can question the authenticity when signed by the green color.

5. Kimsingi na KISHERIA, UNATAKIWA KILA MTU KUWA NA PENI MAALUM YA SIGNATURE. tumewahi kupata kesi ya mtu ambaye saini yake ilidukuliwa na yeye kukiri dhahiri shari kwamba ni saini yake kabisaaaa ila kwenye utetezi akasema kwamba peni iliyotumika siyo peni yake kwani ana peni maalum ya kuweka saini nyaraka zake zote za kisheria
https://keetonsonline.wordpress.com/2013/02/18/how-to-choose-the-right-pen/

6. Si salama sana kutumia kalamu nyeusi kwenye maandishi meusi, kisheria hiyo ni kopi na si halisi, jitahidi sana kutumia kalamu ya bluu kwenye maandishi meusi na hasa typed (Many copiers are so good now that black ink can look like part of a photocopy."-

7. Ball Pen ndiyo offical pen kwa nchi nyingi duniani. kumbuka Kama unatumia 'jel pen' basi ukitumia 'ball pen' mwandiko 'kitaalamu' unatofautiana (hasa kama kalamu hizo zikiwa na ukubwa wa maandishi unaotofautiana.)
"bic, speedo, cello, etc" ndio ballpoint pens.Na jell pens ni kama zile kalamu za zamani za kuchovya wino "tulikuwa tunaziita fountain - ambazo siku hizi zimeboreshwa zinawekewa wino.

8. Kuna Baadhi ya nchi;
i. mwanafunz unaruhusiwa kuandika kwa penseli na kalamu ya rangi yeyote ile (bluu, kijani, nyekundu, nk).

ii. Hawaruhusu kuweka sahihi (signature) kwa kalamu ya rangi nyingine yeyote ile isipokuwa 'bluu'. Kuna sehemu zingine hata kujaza fomu iliyochapwa ni lazima utumie kalamu ya rangi ya bluu......kalamu ya bluu ndiyo inayotambulika duniani kote (official pen)

iii. Wanatumia kalamu nyekundu kuandika jina la mtu aliyefariki (marehemu). Yaani hairuhusiwi na huwezi kuandika jina la mtu aliyehai kwa kalamu nyekundu.Mathalani ukiwa Ureno na unatumia kalamu nyekundu unahesabika ni mkaidi ama mleta mikosi ( It's considered rude to write in red ink in Portugal.)

iv: Jeshi la Marekani utatumia rangi kulingana na wadhifa (rank) wako Jeshini
In US Navy there is a long tradition of prescribed ink colors for officers - blue color for officers, black color for departmental heads, green color for Executive officers and red color for commanding officers.

v. Huko Ujerumani, rangi ya Hudhurungi (Brown) hutumika kuweka saini HUKUMU YA KIFO ILIHALI huko Pakistan wao hutumia kalamu nyekundu kwa lengo hilohilo-Brown color ink is used to sign death warrants in Germany and red color ink was used for same purpose in Pakistan.

mfano nchi ya Australia officials pen ni NYEUSI TU! hata baadh ya benki hapa kwetu mfano NBC official pen ni nyeusi ingawa pia si salama sana kisheria .....NMB official ink ni blue,kwa documents zao....tofauti na hapo....hupokelewi.
Exim.....nyeusi na blue, CRDB.....Blue ama nyeusi; nyekundu, kwa wenye uoni hafifu na maafisa wa benki hasa kuthibitisha nyaraka

Takwimu za michezo kumi (10) ya mwisho kwa kocha Ramovic.

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